x402 Solana Pulse

Real-time payment protocol analytics for Coinbase x402 on Solana

Track every x402 payment settlement on Solana. This Substreams detects when facilitators sponsor SPL Token TransferChecked settlements for HTTP 402 payments, extracting payer, recipient, mint, amount, facilitator, and memo from each transaction.

Companion to x402-base-pulse — same model, Solana native.

---

How It Works

The x402 protocol enables internet-native payments using the HTTP 402 status code. The Solana settlement path is defined by the SVM exact scheme:

1. Server responds with HTTP 402 + payment requirements (mint, payTo, amount, feePayer)
2. Client constructs a transaction containing a TransferChecked to the resource server's ATA, signs it, and returns the partially-signed tx
3. Facilitator verifies the transaction, provides the final feePayer signature, and submits it to Solana
4. Solana executes an SPL Token (or Token-2022) TransferChecked + SPL Memo instruction
5. This Substreams captures those transactions by looking for the x402 SVM settlement shape

Detection heuristic

Solana has no on-chain FacilitatorRegistry. Instead, x402 settlements are identified by three signals observed together in a transaction:

• Contains an SPL Token or Token-2022 TransferChecked instruction
• Contains an SPL Memo instruction (payment reference / nonce)
• Transaction fee_payer is distinct from the TransferChecked authority — i.e. the facilitator sponsors, the payer signs

Modules

Module	Kind	Description
map_x402_settlements	Map	Detects x402 settlements in each Solana block and extracts payer / recipient / mint / amount / facilitator / memo
store_payer_volume	Store	Accumulates total amount spent per payer pubkey
store_payer_count	Store	Counts payments per payer
store_recipient_volume	Store	Accumulates total received per resource server (ATA owner)
store_recipient_count	Store	Counts payments per recipient
store_facilitator_volume	Store	Accumulates volume settled per facilitator
store_facilitator_count	Store	Counts settlements per facilitator
store_facilitator_fees	Store	Accumulates tx fees (lamports) paid per facilitator
store_first_seen	Store	Records first-seen block timestamp per payer / recipient / facilitator
map_payer_stats	Map	Computes payer leaderboards and averages
map_recipient_stats	Map	Computes resource server revenue stats
map_facilitator_stats	Map	Computes facilitator economics (volume, fees, counts)
db_out	Map	Outputs DatabaseChanges for the PostgreSQL sink

Programs Indexed

Program	Pubkey
SPL Token	TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA
SPL Token-2022	TokenzQdBNbLqP5VEhdkAS6EPFLC1PHnBqCXEpPxuEb
SPL Memo v2	MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr
SPL Memo v1	Memo1UhkJRfHyvLMcVucJwxXeuD728EqVDDwQDxFMNo

Quick Start

# Stream settlements
substreams run x402-solana-pulse map_x402_settlements \
  -e mainnet.sol.streamingfast.io:443 \
  -s 280000000 -t +1000

# GUI mode
substreams gui x402-solana-pulse map_x402_settlements \
  -e mainnet.sol.streamingfast.io:443 \
  -s 280000000

# Sink to PostgreSQL
substreams-sink-sql run "psql://localhost/x402" \
  x402-solana-pulse-v1.0.0.spkg \
  -e mainnet.sol.streamingfast.io:443

SQL Output

Tables

Table	Key	Description
settlements	signature-instruction_index	Every settlement with payer, recipient, mint, amount, facilitator, fee, memo
payers	payer_address	Aggregated spend and payment count per payer pubkey
recipients	recipient_address	Revenue and payment count per resource server
facilitators	facilitator_address	Volume settled, settlement count, lamport fees per facilitator

Views

View	Description
daily_stats	Daily protocol-wide volume, unique participants, fees
top_payers	Ranked by total spend
top_recipients	Ranked by total revenue
facilitator_economics	Volume settled vs fee cost per facilitator
whale_payments	Payments ≥ 100 USDC (atomic units)
recent_settlements	Latest 100 settlements

Build

cargo build --target wasm32-unknown-unknown --release
substreams pack substreams.yaml

References

• x402 Protocol — Coinbase's HTTP 402 payment standard
• How It Works — Settlement flow
• SVM exact scheme — Solana settlement spec
• Network Support — Supported tokens and chains
• x402 Source — Protocol implementation
• x402-base-pulse — Companion Base substreams

Network

• Chain: Solana mainnet
• Endpoint: mainnet.sol.streamingfast.io:443
• Initial block: 280,000,000 (adjustable)